the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
05 Feb 2021
05 Feb 2021
The Evaluation of Reliability Indices in Water Distribution Networks under Pipe Failure Condition
- 1PhD in Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran
- 2Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
- 3Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
- 4Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Masshad, Mashhad, Iran
- 5Visiting Professor, College of Engineering, Mathematics & Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- 1PhD in Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran
- 2Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
- 3Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
- 4Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Masshad, Mashhad, Iran
- 5Visiting Professor, College of Engineering, Mathematics & Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Abstract. In this research, reliability indicators of water distribution networks are evaluated under pipe failure conditions. The case studies include two benchmark and one real-life water distribution networks in Iran with more hydraulic constraints. Some important reliability indicators are presented such as resilience index, network resilience, modified resilience index and minimum surplus head index. GANetXL is used to do one-objective and two-objective optimization of the previously mentioned water distribution networks in order to not only minimize the cost, but also maximize the reliability indicators. Moreover, the results of a statistical analysis for each pipe is used to determine the sensitive pipes that are of the most failure probability. GANetXL is an optimization tool in Excel environment and works based on Genetic Algorithm. GANetXL has the capability of being linked to EPANET (Hydraulic simulation software). The results obtained clearly show that network resilience index is of poor performance when compared with the other indexes under pipe failure conditions, especially in real-life networks that include small pipe diameters. It was also showed that if a water distribution network was optimized only in terms of cost, there would be an unacceptable pressure drop at some nodes in case of pipe failure.
Alireza Moghaddam et al.
Status: final response (author comments only)
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RC1: 'Comment on dwes-2020-37', Anonymous Referee #1, 18 Mar 2021
- AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Hossein Rezaee, 08 Sep 2021
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CC1: 'Comment on dwes-2020-37', André Marques Arsénio, 31 Mar 2021
I do like the article although I think that the introduction could use a very structure. I am also not convinced about the optimized solutions presented by the authors, espcially when looking at in pipe velocities that seem quite low. I would like to see how this network would perform in extended simulation, particularly in low-consumptio periods.
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AC2: 'Reply on CC1', Hossein Rezaee, 08 Sep 2021
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://dwes.copernicus.org/preprints/dwes-2020-37/dwes-2020-37-AC2-supplement.pdf
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AC2: 'Reply on CC1', Hossein Rezaee, 08 Sep 2021
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RC2: 'Comment on dwes-2020-37', Anonymous Referee #2, 17 Aug 2021
Review of Paper dwes 2020-37
In this paper, reliability indicators of water distribution networks are evaluated under pipe failure conditions. The case studies include two benchmark and one real-life water distribution networks in Iran with more hydraulic constraints. Some important reliability indicators are reported and GANetXL is used for one-objective and two-objective optimization. Manuscript covers an important and critical issue, well organized, and also evaluating Reliability Indicators in Pipe Failure Conditions is one of the strengths of this paper, but there are some comments in my view:
- To summarize the manuscript in the case of benchmark networks, the picture, characteristics of nodes and pipes of these networks can be removed and refer to previously published papers.
- Use similar studies of the last three years.
- How Pareto fronts have been interpreted in terms of two objective optimization cost- reliability criteria.
- How Optimum GA and NSGA-II values were calculated in table 1?
- In diagrams of” Surplus pressure of nodes in the networks for solutions of maximum reliability criteria under failure of pipes”, only diagrams related to the most critical pipe can be inserted in the main manuscript and the rest of the charts can be moved to supplementary data.
- Some sentences in the manuscript need to be referenced, for example on page 1 line 35 of the following sentence
- Optimal WDN design is a computationally complex problem because……
- Please add some relevant citations in your manuscript such as:
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2021.101276
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101342
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0882-6
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AC3: 'Reply on RC2', Hossein Rezaee, 08 Sep 2021
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://dwes.copernicus.org/preprints/dwes-2020-37/dwes-2020-37-AC3-supplement.pdf
Alireza Moghaddam et al.
Alireza Moghaddam et al.
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